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Count Palatine Gustav Samuel Leopold of the House of Wittelsbach (12 April 1670, Stegeborg Castle near Söderköping, Sweden – 17 September 1731, Zweibrücken, Germany) was the Count Palatine of Kleeburg from 1701 until 1731 and the Duke of Zweibrücken from 1718 until 1731. His titles included: 5th Duke of Stegeborg (in Sweden), Count Palatine of the Rhine, and Duke in Bavaria.〔Michel Huberty, Alain Giraud, F. and B. Magdelaine. L'Allemagne Dynastique, Tome IV, ''Wittelsbach''. (1985). ISBN 2-901138-04-7 pp.73, 83–84,108–109, 144–145, 206-207〕 He was the last male member of the Kleeburg line of the House of Wittelsbach to reign. ==Life== Gustavus Samuel Leopold was born at Stegeborg Castle near Söderköping in 1670 as the youngest son of Adolph John I, Count Palatine of Kleeburg.〔 The siblings were reportedly badly treated by their parents, and in 1687, Gustav helped his sisters Catherine and Maria Elizabeth to escape from their parents to the protection of the Swedish royal court, which became a scandal in contemporary Sweden.〔Nanna Lundh-Eriksson (1947). Hedvig Eleonora. Stockholm: Wahlström & Widstrand. ISBN (in Swedish) 〕 He succeeded his father in 1689. He succeeded his brother Adolph John II as Count Palatine of Kleeburg in 1701, and his cousin Charles XII, King of Sweden, as Duke of Zweibrücken in 1718.〔 The king's death also made him one of the eligible candidates for the Swedish throne. From 1720 until 1725 he moved his residence to a palace built by Jonas Erickson Sundahl. Gustavus Samuel Leopold died in Zweibrücken in 1731 and was buried in the Alexanderkirche. As the last male member of his branch of the House of Wittelsbach, his territories were inherited by Christian III, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld. He competed for the Grand Mastery of the Constantinian Order of St. George, whose obscure magisterial dynasty was going extinct in the late 17th century, and whose grand mastership had been transferred to Francesco Farnese, Duke of Parma in 1696. In the annals of that chivalric institution and of the Vatican, Gustav is referred as a ''Duke of Bavaria''. Gustav failed in his aspirations, and the grand-mastership was confirmed in 1701 by the pope to be hereditary in the House of Farnese and its successors (the Dukes of Castro). The Farnese duke was later succeeded in the position by his nearest male kinsman, the future king Charles III of Spain. Duke Gustav had the baroque ''Residenz'' of Zweibrücken constructed in the 1720s, the Swede Jonas Eriksson Sundahl being the builder. In Swedish politics, Duke Gustav was the last male of the line of his paternal grandmother, Katarina Vasa. Upon the death of his cousin King Charles XII, Gustav of Stegeborg then became one of the eligible candidates for legitimate succession to the thrones of Sweden and of the grand duchy of Finland. He would have become king Gustav III, had he succeeded. However, no strong faction or party in Sweden took up his cause, and his succession rights are not much remembered by history. Instead, his cousin Ulrica Eleonora managed to become the Swedish queen regnant. Duke Gustav died during the reign of Frederick I of Sweden. His Swedish rights were inherited either by his nephew Charles Adolf Gyllenstierna, count of Ericsberg, or his sister, Countess Palatine Marie Elisabeth of Kleeburg, or their cousin, Charles Frederick, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gustav, Duke of Zweibrücken」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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